Cisco Certified ExpertDup
DUP was first created as a standard in 1988 (Q.741) and later revised in 1993 as X.61. The main purpose of this standard is to act as the transmission vehicle for data-centric call messaging. Not intended for voice, its features include call setup, tear down, and facility registration. Because it is an upper-layer protocol in the SS7 stack, it directly interfaces with and requires help from MTP3 to route the messages from signaling point to signaling point.
Several main messages are associated with DUP connections. The messages are found in two basic types: call control and circuit management. They include but are not limited to the following:
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