Do I Know This Already Quiz Lia

Last Updated on Mon, 07 Aug 2023 | Data Link

1. Which of the following is the result of a Boolean AND between IP address 150.150.4.100, mask 255.255.192.0?

Answer: B

2. If mask 255.255.255.128 were used with a Class B network, how many subnets could exist, with how many hosts per subnet, respectively?

Answer: E. Class B networks imply 16 network bits; the mask implies 7 host bits (7 binary 0s in the mask), leaving 9 subnet bits. 29 - 2 yields 510 subnets, and 27 - 2 yields 126 hosts per subnet.

3. If mask 255.255.255.240 were used with a Class C network, how many subnets could exist, with how many hosts per subnet, respectively?

Answer: B. Class C networks imply 24 network bits; the mask implies 4 host bits (4 binary 0s in the mask), leaving 4 subnet bits. 24 - 2 yields 14 subnets, and 24 - 2 yields 14 hosts per subnet.

4. Which of the following IP addresses would not be in the same subnet as 190.4.80.80, mask 255.255.255.0?

Answer: E. 190.4.80.80, mask 255.255.255.0, is in subnet 190.4.80.0, broadcast address 190.4.80.255, with a range of valid addresses between 190.4.80.1 of 190.4.80.254.

5. Which of the following IP addresses would not be in the same subnet as 190.4.80.80, mask 255.255.240.0?

Answer: F. 190.4.80.80, mask 255.255.240.0, is in subnet 190.4.80.0, broadcast address 190.4.95.255, with a range of valid addresses of 190.4.80.1 through 190.4.95.254.

6. Which of the following IP addresses would not be in the same subnet as 190.4.80.80, mask 255.255.255.128?

Answer: D, E, and F. 190.4.80.80, mask 255.255.255.128, is in subnet 190.4.80.0, broadcast address 190.4.80.127, with a range of valid addresses of 190.4.80.1 through 190.4.80.126.

7. Which of the following subnet masks would allow a Class B network to allow subnets to have up to 150 hosts and allow for up to 164 subnets?

Answer: C. You need 8 bits to number up to 150 hosts because 27 - 2 is less than 150, but 28 - 2 is greater than 150. Similarly, you need 8 subnet bits. The only valid Class B subnet mask with 8 host and 8 subnet bits is 255.255.255.0.

8. Which of the following subnet masks would allow a Class A network to allow subnets to have up to 150 hosts and would allow for up to 164 subnets?

Answer: B. You need 8 host bits and 8 subnet bits. Because the mask is used with a class A network, any mask with the entire second octet as part of the subnet field and with the entire fourth octet as part of the host field meets the requirement.

9. Which of the following are valid subnet numbers in network 180.1.0.0, when using mask 255.255.248.0?

Answer: C, D, E, and F. In this case, the subnet numbers begin with 180.1.0.0 (subnet zero), and then 180.1.8.0, 180.1.16.0, 180.1.24.0, and so on, increasing by 8 in the third octet, up to 180.1.240.0 (last valid subnet) and 180.1.248.0 (broadcast subnet).

10. Which of the following are valid subnet numbers in network 180.1.0.0, when using mask 255.255.255.0?

Answer: A, B, C, D, E, and F. In this case, the subnet numbers begin with 180.1.0.0 (subnet zero), and then 180.1.1.0, 180.1.2.0, 180.1.3.0, and so on, increasing by 1 in the third octet, up to 180.1.254.0 (last valid subnet) and 180.1.255.0 (broadcast subnet).

11. Which of the following best describes a feature of CIDR? Answer: A

12. The phrase "to represent hundreds or thousands of client TCP or UDP connections from different hosts as that same number of connections, but making it appear as if all connections are from one host" best describes which of the following tools?

Answer: C

13. The phrase "grouping a large number of Class C networks into a single group, and putting a single entry for that group in an Internet router, to reduce the overall size of the IP routing table " best describes which of the following tools?

Answer: B

14. The phrase "the use network 10.0.0.0 in an enterprise network" best describes which of the following tools?

Answer: A

Q&A

1. Name the parts of an IP address.

Answer: Network, subnet, and host are the three parts of an IP address. However, many people commonly treat the network and subnet parts of an address as a single part, leaving only two parts, the subnet and host parts. On the exam, the multiple-choice format should provide extra clues as to which terminology is used.

2. Define the term subnet mask. What do the bits in the mask whose values are binary 0 tell you about the corresponding IP address(es)?

Answer: A subnet mask defines the number of host bits in an address. The bits of value 0 define which bits in the address are host bits. The mask is an important ingredient in the formula to dissect an IP address; along with knowledge of the number of network bits implied for Class A, B, and C networks, the mask provides a clear definition of the size of the network, subnet, and host parts of an address.

3. Given the IP address 134.141.7.11 and the mask 255.255.255.0, what is the subnet number?

Answer: The subnet is 134.141.7.0. The binary algorithm is shown in the table that follows.

Address	134.141.7.11	1000 0110 1000 1101 0000 0111 0000 1011
Mask	255.255.255.0	1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 0000 0000
Result	134.141.7.0	1000 0110 1000 1101 0000 0111 0000 0000

4. Given the IP address 193.193.7.7 and the mask 255.255.255.0, what is the subnet number?

Answer: The network number is 193.193.7.0. Because this is a Class C address and the mask used is 255.255.255.0 (the default), no subnetting is in use. The binary algorithm is shown in the table that follows.

Address	193.193.7.7	1100 0001 1100 0001 0000 0111 0000 0111
Mask	255.255.255.0	1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 0000 0000
Result	193.193.7.0	1100 0001 1100 0001 0000 0111 0000 0000

5. Given the IP address 200.1.1.130 and the mask 255.255.255.224, what is the subnet number?

Answer: The answer is 200.1.1.128. The table that follows shows the subnet chart to help you learn the way to calculate the subnet number without binary math. The magic number is 256 - 224 = 32.

Octet	1	2	3	4	Comments
Address	200	1	1	130	—
Mask	255	255	255	224	Interesting octet is the fourth octet (magic = 256 - 224 = 32).
Subnet number	200	1	1	128	128 is the closest multiple of the magic number not greater than 130.
First address	200	1	1	129	Add 1 to the last octet of the subnet number.
Broadcast	200	1	1	159	Subnet + magic - 1.
Last address	200	1	1	158	Subtract 1 from broadcast.

6. Given the IP address 220.8.7.100 and the mask 255.255.255.240, what is the subnet number?

Answer: The answer is 220.8.7.96. The table that follows shows the subnet chart to help you learn the way to calculate the subnet number without binary math. The magic number is 256-240=16.

Octet	1	2	3	4	Comments
Address	220	8	7	100	—
Mask	255	255	255	240	Interesting octet is the fourth octet.
Subnet number	220	8	7	96	96 is the closest multiple of the magic number not greater than 100.
First address	220	8	7	97	Add 1 to the last octet.
Broadcast	220	8	7	111	Subnet + magic - 1.
Last address	220	8	7	110	Subtract 1 from broadcast.

7. Given the IP address 134.141.7.11 and the mask 255.255.255.0, what is the subnet broadcast address?

Answer: The broadcast address is 134.141.7.255. The binary algorithm is shown in the table that follows.

Address	134.141.7.11	1000 0110 1000 1101 0000 0111 0000 1011
Mask	255.255.255.0	1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 0000 0000
Result	134.141.7.0	1000 0110 1000 1101 0000 0111 0000 0000
Broadcast address	134.141.7.255	1000 0110 1000 1101 0000 0111 1111 1111

8. Given the IP address 193.193.7.7 and the mask 255.255.255.0, what is the broadcast address?

Answer: The broadcast address is 193.193.7.255. Because this is a Class C address and the mask used is 255.255.255.0 (the default), no subnetting is in use. The binary algorithm is shown in the table that follows.

Address	193.193.7.7	1100 0001 1100 0001 0000 0111 0000 0111
Mask	255.255.255.0	1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 0000 0000
Result	193.193.7.0	1100 0001 1100 0001 0000 0111 0000 0000
Broadcast address	193.193.7.255	1100 0001 1100 0001 0000 0111 1111 1111

9. Given the IP address 200.1.1.130 and the mask 255.255.255.224, what is the broadcast address?

Answer: The broadcast address is 200.1.1.159. The binary algorithm math is shown in the table that follows. The easy decimal algorithm is shown in the answer to an earlier question.

Address	200.1.1.130	1100 1000 0000 0001 0000 0001 1000 0010
Mask	255.255.255.224	1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1110 0000
Result	200.1.1.128	1100 1000 0000 0001 0000 0001 1000 0000
Broadcast address	200.1.1.159	1100 1000 0000 0001 0000 0001 1001 1111

10. Given the IP address 220.8.7.100 and the mask 255.255.255.240, what is the broadcast address?

Answer: The broadcast address is 220.8.7.111. The binary algorithm is shown in the table that follows.

Address	220.8.7.100	1101 1100 0000 1000 0000 0111 0110 0100
Mask	255.255.255.240	1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 0000
Result	220.8.7.96	1101 1100 0000 1000 0000 0111 0110 0000
Broadcast address	220.8.7.111	1101 1100 0000 1000 0000 0111 0110 1111

11. Given the IP address 134.141.7.11 and the mask 255.255.255.0, what are the assignable IP addresses in this subnet?

Answer: The subnet number is 134.141.7.0, and the subnet broadcast address is 134.141.7.255. The assignable addresses are all the addresses between the subnet and broadcast addresses, namely 134.141.7.1 to 134.141.7.254.

12. Given the IP address 193.193.7.7 and the mask 255.255.255.0, what are the assignable IP addresses in this subnet?

Answer: The subnet number is 193.193.7.0, and the network broadcast address is 193.193.7.255. The assignable addresses are all the addresses between the network and broadcast addresses, namely 193.193.7.1 to 193.193.7.254.

13. Given the IP address 200.1.1.130 and the mask 255.255.255.224, what are the assignable IP addresses in this subnet?

Answer: The subnet number is 200.1.1.128, and the subnet broadcast address is 200.1.1.159. The assignable addresses are all the addresses between the subnet and broadcast addresses, namely 200.1.1.129 to 200.1.1.158.

14. Given the IP address 220.8.7.100 and the mask 255.255.255.240, what are the assignable IP addresses in this subnet?

Answer: The subnet number is 220.8.7.96, and the subnet broadcast address is 220.8.7.111. The assignable addresses are all the addresses between the subnet and broadcast addresses, namely 220.8.7.97 to 220.8.7.110.

15. Given the IP address 134.141.7.7 and the mask 255.255.255.0, what are all the subnet numbers if the same (static) mask is used for all subnets in this network?

Answer: The answer is 134.141.1.0, 134.141.2.0, 134.141.3.0, and so on, up to 134.141.254.0. 134.141.0.0 is the zero subnet, and 134.141.255.0 is the broadcast subnet.

16. Given the IP address 220.8.7.100 and the mask 255.255.255.240, what are all the subnet numbers if the same (static) mask is used for all subnets in this network?

Answer: The answer is not as obvious in this question. The Class C network number is 220.8.7.0. The mask implies that bits 25 through 28, which are the first 4 bits in the fourth octet, comprise the subnet field. The answer is 220.8.7.16, 220.8.7.32, 220.8.7.48, and so on, through 220.8.7.224. 220.8.7.0 is the zero subnet, and 220.8.7.240 is the broadcast subnet. The following table outlines the easy decimal algorithm to figure out the subnet numbers.

Octet	1	2	3	4	Comments
Network number	220	8	7	0	—
Mask	255	255	255	240	The last octet is interesting; the magic number is 256 - 240 = 16.
Subnet zero	220	8	7	0	Copy the network number; it's the zero subnet.
First subnet	220	8	7	16	Add magic to the last subnet number's interesting octet.
Next subnet	220	8	7	32	Add magic to the previous one.
Last subnet	220	8	7	224	You eventually get her...
Broadcast subnet	220	8	7	240	...and then here, the broadcast subnet, because the next one is 256, which is invalid.

17. How many IP addresses could be assigned in each subnet of 134.141.0.0, assuming that a mask of 255.255.255.0 is used? If the same (static) mask is used for all subnets, how many subnets are there?

Answer: There will be 2hostbits, or 28 hosts per subnet, minus two special cases. The number of subnets will be 2subnetblts, or 28, minus two special cases.

	Number of			Number of
Network and	Network	Number of	Number of	Hosts per	Number of
Mask	Bits	Host Bits	Subnet Bits	Subnet	Subnets
134.141.0.0,	16	8	8	254	254
255.255.255.0

18. How many IP addresses could be assigned in each subnet of 220.8.7.0, assuming that a mask of 255.255.255.240 is used? If the same (static) mask is used for all subnets, how many subnets are there?

Answer: There will be 2hostbits, or 24 hosts per subnet, minus two special cases. The number of subnets will be 2subnetblts, or 24, minus two special cases.

Network

Bits

Subnet

Bits

Number of Hosts per Subnet

Number of Subnets

220.8.7.0, 255.255.255. 240

19. You design a network for a customer, and the customer insists that you use the same subnet mask on every subnet. The customer will use network 10.0.0.0 and needs 200 subnets, each with 200 hosts maximum. What subnet mask would you use to allow the largest amount of growth in subnets? Which mask would work and would allow for the most growth in the number of hosts per subnet?

Answer: Network 10.0.0.0 is a Class A network, so you have 24 host bits with no subnetting. To number 200 subnets, you will need at least 8 subnet bits because 28 is 256. Likewise, to number 200 hosts per subnet, you will need 8 host bits. So, you need to pick a mask with at least 8 subnet bits and 8 host bits. 255.255.0.0 is a mask with 8 subnet bits and 16 host bits. That would allow for the 200 subnets and 200 hosts, while allowing the number of hosts per subnet to grow to 216 - 2, quite a large number. Similarly, a mask of 255.255.255.0 gives you 16 subnet bits, allowing 216 - 2 subnets, each with 28 - 2 hosts per subnet.

20. Referring to Figure A-1, Fred has been configured with IP address 10.1.1.1, Router A's Ethernet has been configured with 10.1.1.100, Router A's Serial interface uses 10.1.1.101, Router B's serial uses 10.1.1.102, Router B's Ethernet uses 10.1.1.200, and the web server uses 10.1.1.201. Mask 255.255.255.192 is used in all cases. Is anything wrong with this network? What is the easiest thing that could be done to fix it? You can assume any working interior routing protocol.

Figure A-1 Example Network for Subnetting Questions

Readers' Questions

Jaxon
Which of the following addresses is not allowed on the internet?

6 days ago
- Reply

To provide an accurate answer, I would need a list of the following addresses you are referring to.

Janne V
What is 255.255.255.252?

6 days ago
- Reply

255.255.255.252 is a subnet mask in IPv4 addressing. It is also known as a /30 subnet mask. It is used to divide an IP address space into smaller subnets. In binary format, 255.255.255.252 is represented as 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100. This subnet mask leaves only two usable IP addresses in the subnet, with the first and last addresses reserved for network and broadcast addresses respectively. This subnet mask is commonly used in point-to-point network links or for connecting routers together, where only two devices are involved, and there is no need for multiple host addresses in the subnet.

Richard
What is 255.255.255.252?

1 month ago
- Reply

255.255.255.252 is a subnet mask commonly used in IPv4 networking. It represents a block of four IP addresses, with two usable addresses for hosts. The subnet mask is used to determine the network and host portion of an IP address. In this case, the first three octets, 255.255.255, indicate the network portion, while the last octet, 252, represents the host portion. The subnet mask is in binary form as 11111111.11111111.11111111.11111100, where the first 30 bits are set to 1 (network portion) and the last 2 bits are set to 0 (host portion).

callie
What is 255.255.255.0?

1 month ago
- Reply

255.255.255.0 is a subnet mask commonly used in IPv4 networking. It is also known as the "slash 24" notation or a classful subnet mask. This mask indicates that the first three octets (255.255.255) are used by the network portion of an IP address, while the last octet (0) is reserved for the host portion. In binary, the subnet mask 255.255.255.0 is represented as 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000. The 1's in the binary representation indicate the network portion, and the 0's represent the host portion. With this subnet mask, a network can accommodate up to 254 hosts (2^8 - 2), as the all-zeroes (0.0.0.0) and all-ones (255.255.255.255) addresses are reserved for special purposes. Typically, this subnet mask is used in small local networks or LANs.

tesfay
Which of the following is true regarding ip addresses (select as many as apply.)?

1 month ago
- Reply

There is no list of options provided in the question. Please provide the options for me to select from.

Jessamine
What is 255.255.255.0?

2 months ago
- Reply

255.255.255.0 is a subnet mask commonly used in IP networking. It is used to identify the network and the host on a given network. It is usually seen in the form of the default gateway IP address assigned to a device connected to a network.

robur
What is 255.255.255.0?

3 months ago
- Reply

255.255.255.0 is the subnet mask for a Class C IP address. This subnet mask is used to identify the network and host portions of an IP address on a network.

Lucas
Which of the following is correct regarding class b address of ip address?

3 months ago
- Reply

Class B IP addresses are a range of IP addresses between 128.0.0.0 and 191.255.255.255. They are commonly used for larger networks with up to 65,534 hosts.

eliisa p
What is 255.255.255.0?

4 months ago
- Reply

255.255.255.0 is a subnet mask used to identify the size of a network. It is commonly used in home networks and is the default subnet mask for Class C networks. It allows for up to 256 IP addresses on the network.

ruta ambessa
Which of the following best explains how ip addresses are assigned?

4 months ago
- Reply

IP addresses are assigned to devices by either DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) or manually. DHCP assigns IP addresses automatically from a pool of available addresses, while manual assignment requires the user to specify the exact IP address for a device.

lucas duerr
What is 255.255.255.0?

5 months ago
- Reply

255.255.255.0 is a subnet mask. It is used to identify which parts of an IP address are the network address and which parts are the host address.

tiziana
How many hosts are allowed in class c ip address?

6 months ago
- Reply

In a Class C IP address, up to 254 hosts can be allocated.

maximilian
Which of the following represent valid ipv6 addresses (choose all that apply.)?

6 months ago
- Reply

A. 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 B. fe80:0000:0000:0000:8cee:19f7:e9ab:a616 C. ::1 D. 127.1.1.1 A. 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 B. fe80:0000:0000:0000:8cee:19f7:e9ab:a616 C. ::1

negisti
What is 255.255.255.0?

6 months ago
- Reply

255.255.255.0 is a subnet mask used on networks to indicate which bits of an IP address denote the network and which denote the node on the network.

kerstin
How many networks are allowed in ipv4 class c address?

7 months ago
- Reply

A Class C IP address can have up to 254 total networks.

HENNA
Which of the following represents the first octet values for?

7 months ago
- Reply

Class A 0-127

Lelio
How many networks are allowed in ipv4 class c addresses?

7 months ago
- Reply

A Class C IPv4 address allows for up to 254 networks.

Leonardo
Which of the following are valid ipv6 ip addresses select all that apply?

7 months ago
- Reply

A. 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 B. 2001:db8::8a2e:0370:7334 C. 127.0.0.1 D. 2002:0000:85a3::8a2e:0370:7334 A. 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334 B. 2001:db8::8a2e:0370:7334 D. 2002:0000:85a3::8a2e:0370:7334

Yonas
Which class of ip address provides a maximum of only 254 host addresses per network id?

7 months ago
- Reply

Class C

jens
What is 255.255.255.0?

7 months ago
- Reply

255.255.255.0 is a subnet mask used to identify which devices are on a specific network. It is often used in combination with an IP address to create a range of IP addresses that can be used within a network.

charley
Why is the address 172.31.255.255 with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 invalid as a host id?

8 months ago
- Reply

The address 172.31.255.255 is invalid as a host id because it exceeds the maximum allowable number of hosts that can be assigned to a network with a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0. The maximum host id for a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 is 172.31.255.254.

Costanzo
Which of the following statements about ip addresses is not true?

8 months ago
- Reply

IP addresses identify a single device on the network.

walter
How do subnet masks work?

8 months ago
- Reply

A subnet mask is a number that defines a range of IP addresses available within a network. Subnet masks are used to create logical divisions or subnets within an existing network. They work by allowing a particular set of addresses to be used within a predefined subnet while preventing outside access. The mask is typically expressed in decimal notation, such as 255.255.255.0. By applying the mask to an IP address, it is possible to identify which subnet the address is part of.

Regina
Which of the following describes the part of the ipv6 address that identifies the subnet address?

8 months ago
- Reply

The subnet address of an IPv6 address is determined by the prefix portion of the address.

fiori
Which of the following represents the correct default subnet mask used with class a networks?

8 months ago
- Reply

255.0.0.0

lalia banks
Which of the following is the default subnet mask for a class b ipv4 address?

8 months ago
- Reply

255.255.0.0

nicole
Which of the following are true regarding ipv4?

8 months ago
- Reply

IPv4 is a 32-bit addressing scheme.

IPv4 addresses are divided into four octets.

Each octet can contain a number from 0-2

IPv4 provides roughly 4.2 billion address combinations.

alberica lucchesi
Which of the following are not valid class b network ids?

8 months ago
- Reply

192.168.2.0

172.128.0.0

155.16.80.0

172.18.0.0

quirico cremonesi
What is 255.255.255.0?

8 months ago
- Reply

255.255.255.0 is a Class C network subnet mask. It is used to identify networks and determine which hosts are part of the same subnet.

Hana
What is the maximum number of host ids available on a class c address?

8 months ago
- Reply

The maximum number of host IDs available on a Class C address is 254.

anke
How long is a subnet mask?

8 months ago
- Reply

A subnet mask is typically 32 bits long.

genet
What is 255.255.255.0?

8 months ago
- Reply

255.255.255.0 is a subnet mask that is used to identify the network and host components of an IP address. It is used in the network configuration of devices to determine what traffic is allowed on the network.

Nuguse
Which of the following statements regarding ipv6 subnetting is not accurate?

8 months ago
- Reply

IPv6 subnetting can be used with IPv4 addresses.

valerie
Which of the following best describes an ip address class?

8 months ago
- Reply

An IP address class is a way to categorize a range of IP addresses into different subsets based on the value of the first octet. Each class has a default range and a default subnet mask. The most common IP address classes are A, B, C, D and E.

uriele
How many host addresses can be obtained on a class c ipv4 subnet?

8 months ago
- Reply

A Class C IPv4 subnet can provide up to 254 host addresses.

Irvin
What is the last valid host on the subnetwork?

8 months ago
- Reply

The last valid host on a subnetwork is the broadcast address, which is the highest address in the network range.

charles
What is 255.255.255.0?

8 months ago
- Reply

255.255.255.0 is a subnet mask commonly used to identify the network and host components of an IP address. It is used when defining a subnet or supernet in the Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) notation.

MELISSA
Which of the following ip addresses have a default subnet mask of 255.255.0.0?

8 months ago
- Reply

192.168.0.0/16 172.16.0.0/16 10.0.0.0/8

raakel
What is the maximum number of host ip addresses that can exist in a class b network?

8 months ago
- Reply

65534

jonatan loikkanen
Which statement about subnet masks is true?

8 months ago
- Reply

A subnet mask is used to define the portion of an IP address that identifies the subnet and the host.

sesuna
Which of the following IP addresses is not in the same subnet as 190.4.80.80, mask 255.255.240.0?

1 year ago
- Reply

172.16.9.9

BARBARA
Which of the following are valid subnet numbers in network 180.1.0.0 when using mask 255.255.255.0?

1 year ago
- Reply

180.1.0.0 180.1.1.0 180.1.2.0 180.1.3.0 180.1.4.0 180.1.5.0 180.1.6.0 180.1.7.0 180.1.8.0 180.1.9.0 180.1.10.0 180.1.11.0 180.1.12.0 180.1.13.0 180.1.14.0 180.1.15.0

MIRANDA
Which of the ip adress same subnet 190.4.80.80?

1 year ago
- Reply

190.4.80.85, 190.4.80.90, 190.4.80.95, 190.4.80.100

	A		B
a.	"4	/		L-H
Fred

Answer: Router A's Ethernet interface and Fred's Ethernet should be in the same subnet, but they are not. Fred's configuration implies a subnet with IP addresses ranging from 10.1.1.1 through 10.1.1.62; Router A's Ethernet configuration implies a subnet with addresses between 10.1.1.65 and 10.1.1.126. Also, Router A's two interfaces must be in different subnets; as configured, they would be in the same subnet. So, the solution is to change Router A's Ethernet IP address to something between 10.1.1.1 and 10.1.1.62, making it be in the same subnet as Fred.

21. Referring to Figure A-1, Fred has been configured with IP address 10.1.1.1, mask 255.255.255.0; Router A's Ethernet has been configured with 10.1.1.100, mask 255.255.255.224; Router A's serial interface uses 10.1.1.129, mask 255.255.255.252; Router B's serial uses 10.1.1.130, mask 255.255.255.252; Router B's Ethernet uses 10.1.1.200, mask 255.255.255.224; and the web server uses 10.1.1.201, mask 255.255.255.224. Is anything wrong with this network? What is the easiest thing that could be done to fix it? You can assume any working interior routing protocol.

Answer: Fred's configuration implies a subnet with a range of addresses from 10.1.1.1 through 10.1.1.254, so he thinks that Router A's Ethernet interface is in the same subnet. However, Router A's configuration implies a subnet with addresses from 10.1.1.97 through 10.1.1.126, so Router A does not think that Fred is on the same subnet as Router A's Ethernet. Several options exist for fixing the problem. You could change the mask used by Fred and Router A's Ethernet to 255.255.255.128, which makes them both reside in the same subnet.

22. Referring to Figure A-1, Fred has been configured with IP address 10.1.1.1, mask 255.255.255.240; Router A's Ethernet has been configured with 10.1.1.2, mask 255.255.255.240; Router A's Serial interface uses 10.1.1.129, mask 255.255.255.252; Router B's serial uses 10.1.1.130, mask 255.255.255.252; Router B's Ethernet uses 10.1.1.200, mask 255.255.255.128; and the web server uses 10.1.1.201, mask 255.255.255.128. Is anything wrong with this network? What is the easiest thing that could be done to fix it? You can assume any working interior routing protocol.

Answer: Router B's configuration implies a subnet with a range of addresses from 10.1.1.129 to 10.1.1.130 on the serial link, and 10.1.1.129 to 10.1.1.254 on the Ethernet. So, the subnets overlap. One solution would be to configure Router B and the web server's masks to 255.255.255.192, which would change the subnet so that the valid addresses would be between 10.1.1.193 and 10.1.1.254.

23. What are the valid private IP network numbers, according to RFC 1918?

Answer: Network 10.0.0.0, Class B networks that from 172.16.0.0 through 172.31.0.0, and Class C networks beginning with 192.168.

24. How large are IPv6 addresses? Answer: 128 bits long.

25. How does CIDR help reduce the size of Internet routing tables?

Answer: By using a routing protocol that exchanges the mask as well as the subnet/ network number, a classless view of the number can be attained. By advertising many networks as a single route, the routing table can be shortened. For instance, 198.0.0.0/8 (198.0.0.0, mask 255.0.0.0) defines a set of addresses whose first 8 bits are equal to decimal 198. Instead of the more than 65,000 routes needed to list a route for each class C network that starts with 198, CIDR allows those routes to be represented by a single route.

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