Transformation Examples
Multiple transformations might take place when placing a phone call. Using external phone number masks instructs the call-routing component to use the external phone number of a calling station rather than its DN for caller ID information. The external phone number mask is applied on an individual line basis through the Directory Number Configuration screen on the device. The route pattern matched for an outgoing call can apply another set of calling-party transformations before extending the...
H323 Endpoint Support
H.323 phones support multiple lines and can be audio, video, or data networking endpoints. H.323 terminals are synonymous with endpoints. The H.323 terminal language is used in the H.323 standard. CUCM supports voice calls from H.323 terminals natively. CUCM can also integrate with H.323 video endpoints using an H.323 gatekeeper. Cisco Unified Communications IP Telephony, Part 2 explains the H.323 video integration in further detail. H.323 phones do not register with CUCM. H.323 devices are...
IP Phone Services
Typical IP phone services that might be supplied to a phone include weather information, stock quotes, and news. Deployment of Cisco Unified IP Phone services occurs using the HTTP protocol from standard web servers, such as the Apache web services. A user can access a service from the supported phone model in two ways. The user can press the Services button, or the user can use a preconfigured phone button. When the user presses the Services button, the phone uses its HTTP client to load a...
Cisco Unity Configuration
Cisco Unity SCCP integration requires the following tasks Step 2 Start the Integration wizard. Step 3 Create a new SCCP CUCM integration. Locate and start the Cisco Unity Telephony Integration Manager (UTIM) on the Cisco Unity server. This program is part of the Cisco Unified Integration and Configuration Assistant (CUICA) wizard, but the program can also be launched by clicking the Manage Integrations icon in the Unity program group. CUICA is shown in Figure 18-17. Click the Create Integration...
GB hard disk
Minimum requirements for CUCM 6 are the same as for Cisco Unified CallManager Version 5, but only specific MCS models are approved. The 7800 series servers are available in the -H or -I variants. -H stands for Hewlett-Packard, and -I stands for IBM server platforms. The 7825 server is a 19-inch or 23-inch rack-mountable server that provides a single SATA hard drive and one power supply. The 7835 server improves reliability and performance by including hot-swappable SCSI hard drives, hardware...
Cisco Unity Overview
Cisco Unity is a voice messaging system that does voice mail, Unified Messaging, and fax integration. Cisco Unity also has text to speech (TTS) capabilities that allow e-mail and faxes (requires third-party fax server) to be listened to over the telephone. Voice messages can be checked over e-mail with a Unified Messaging license on Cisco Unity. Cisco Unity integrates with IBM Lotus Notes and Microsoft Outlook e-mail clients to create a unified inbox. A unified inbox consists of e-mail, voice...
License File Request Process
Figure 1-8 displays the license file request process, which includes these steps 1. The customer places an order for CUCM. 2. The manufacturing database scans the Product Authorization Key (PAK) and records it against the sales order. 3. The product (CD or paper claim certificate) is physically delivered to the customer. 4. The customer registers the product at http www.cisco.com go license or a public web page and provides the MAC address of the publisher device that will become the license...
Call Hunting
CUCM call-hunting implementation is composed of the following components Phone DNs or voice-mail ports are assigned to line groups. Line groups are assigned to hunt lists. A hunt list can have one or more line groups. Line group hunt options and distribution algorithms can be specified to define how call hunting should be performed for the members of the line group. Hunt lists are assigned to hunt pilots. A hunt list is an ordered list of one or more line groups. Hunt pilots are the numbers...
Cisco IP Phones Boot Sequence
The Cisco IP Phone has a standard startup process consisting of several steps. The steps are illustrated in Figure 7-2 and outlined as follows Step 1 PoE The Cisco IP Phone obtains power from the switch. The switch continuously sends a small voltage on the transmit pins. The voltage sent by the switch is then looped back in hardware from the IP phone back to the switch's receiving pins. The switch has now detected an in-line power-requiring device, and the Cisco switch generates the port's...
Conferencing
The CUCM supports hardware and software conference bridges. The software-based conference bridge, implemented as a CUCM service, supports only conferences, using a single audio codec (G.711 or Cisco wideband). Some hardware conference bridges can support multiple low bit-rate (LBR) stream types such as G.729, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), G.723, and iLBC. A mixed-mode conference is a conference in which multiple audio codecs are used for different audio streams. A mixed-mode...
Cisco Unity Subscriber Configuration
Each phone user who needs a mailbox in Cisco Unity requires a subscriber account created in the Cisco Unity System Administrator (SA). To add a subscriber, follow these steps Step 1 Navigate to the Cisco Unity Admin web page and log in. Step 2 Click the Subscriber hyperlink, which is displayed in Figure 18-25. Step 3 Click the + sign to add a new subscriber. Step 4 Configure the following settings Last Name, Display Name and Extension, and so on. Step 5 Click the floppy disk icon to save. The...
CUCM Licensing
Licensing is implemented in CUCM beginning with Release 5.0. Administration of license management is done through CUCM GUI administration, allowing accurate tracking of active device registrations compared to the license units that have been purchased. License enforcement occurs at the time of phone provisioning and CUCM service activation. The publisher is the only licensing server. The licensing server is the logical component that keeps track of the licenses purchased and the licenses used....
Multisite Deployment with Distributed Call Processing
As illustrated in Figure 2-3, the model for a multisite WAN deployment with distributed call processing consists of multiple independent sites, each with its own CUCM cluster, connected to an IP WAN that carries voice traffic between the distributed sites. CUCM, applications, and DSP resources may be located at each site. The IP WAN carries signaling traffic only for intersite calls signaling traffic for calls within a site remains local to the site. This way, the amount of signaling traffic...
LDAPv3 Synchronization
The Cisco Directory Synchronization (DirSync) process is used to synchronize a number of user attributes. The process can be scheduled to run at different intervals or performed manually. Users are provisioned on the corporate directory and replicated to the CUCM LDAPv3 database when directory synchronization is used. LDAPv3 synchronization disallows end-user additions or deletions from CUCM Administration. End users are added and deleted only in the LDAPv3 directory. Users and their pertinent...
Presence Configuration
The CUCM Presence configuration procedure includes the following three steps Step 1 Enable Presence-enabled speed dials a. Customize phone button templates to include Presence-enabled speed dial buttons. b. Apply phone button templates to phones. c. Configure Presence-enabled speed dial buttons. d. Apply subscribe calling search space to phones. Step 2 Enable Presence-enabled call lists. Enable the BLF for Call Lists enterprise parameter Step 3 Allow Presence subscriptions through SIP trunks....
Presence Policies
CUCM Presence has multiple ways of limiting Presence information. Presence-enabled speed dials are configured statically by the CUCM administrator and cannot be configured or modified directly by a user. The administrator maintains control of the monitored Presence entities for each watcher. Subscribe calling search spaces (CSS) also apply to Presence-enabled speed dials. Access control for Presence-enabled call and directory lists can be provided by partitions and subscribe CSSs and by...
Do Not Disturb
The Do Not Disturb (DND) feature enables a user to turn off the ringer for an incoming call. The default ringer settings beep and flash. DND allows users to reconfigure the ringer settings when the DND softkey is pressed (beep, ring, both, or neither). This DND softkey is pressed directly on the Cisco Unified IP Phone and configured via the DND options from the User Options web pages. When DND is enabled, all new incoming calls with normal priority honor the DND settings for the device....
Partitions and Calling Search Spaces
A partition is a group of dialable patterns with similar accessibility. Any dialable pattern can be assigned to a partition. All phone numbers are in the null partition by default, and all devices have access to the null partition. As soon as a phone number is assigned to a different partition, the devices in the network will not be able to access that phone number without the configuration of a calling search space (CSS). A CSS defines which partitions are accessible to a particular device. A...
Timeof Day Call Routing
Time-of-day routing can be implemented in CUCM by applying time and date attributes to partitions using time schedules and time periods. Time periods define time ranges or dates and are grouped into time schedules. Time schedules are then assigned to partitions. A CSS that includes a partition that is associated with a time schedule has access only to the partition if the current date and time match the time and date information specified in the time schedule that is associated with the...
Media Gateway Control Protocol Gateways
MGCP is a plain-text protocol used by call-control devices to manage IP telephony gateways. MGCP (IETF RFC 2705) is a master slave protocol that allows a call-control device (CUCM) to take control of a specific port on a gateway. MGCP has the advantage of centralized gateway administration and provides for scalable IP telephony solutions. CUCM controls the MGCP state of the configured ports of the gateway. MGCP allows centralized administration of the dial plan and gives CUCM per-port control...
CUCM Transformation Masks
Dialing transformations allow the call-routing component to modify either the calling (initiator) or called (destination) digits of a call. Transformations that modify the calling number (automatic number identification, ANI) are calling-party transformations transformations that modify the dialed digits (dialed number identification system, DNIS) are called-party transformations. Transformation masks use mask operations that allow the suppression of leading digits, the modification or...
Class of Service Approaches
CoS applications in CUCM can be summarized as two distinctly separate implementations the traditional approach and the line-device approach. This section investigates the difference between these two approaches and explains the advantages of using the linedevice approach. Figure 13-22 shows a simple single-site CoS deployment with four distinct classes of service. Four partitions and four CSSs have been created. The route patterns for each call type have been put into their respective...
Route Filters
Route filters can be used only with the route pattern to match certain elements or special numbers of a numbering plan. A route filter applied to a pattern not containing the wildcard is ignored. The logical expression entered with the route filter can be up to 1024 characters, excluding the Not-Selected fields. For large-scale deployments, use explicit route patterns rather than the wildcard and route filters. This practice also facilitates management and troubleshooting because all patterns...
Client Matter Codes and Forced Authorization Codes
Client matter codes (CMC) and forced authorization codes (FAC) can be applied to route patterns. CMCs are typically used in professional organizations where a great deal of business is transacted over the phone and clients are billed for such time. The CMC is added to call details records (CDR) to allow accounting and billing of calls based on their client matter. If a route pattern that has a CMC applied is matched, the user is prompted to enter a CMC for the call to be extended. Valid CMCs...
Multisite WAN with Centralized Call Processing
The Multisite WAN with Centralized Call Processing model consists of a centralized CUCM cluster that provides services for many sites and uses the IP WAN to transport IP telephony traffic between the sites. The IP WAN also carries call-control signaling between the CUCM cluster at the central site and the IP phones at the remote sites. Figure 2-2 illustrates a typical centralized call-processing deployment, with a CUCM cluster at the central site and an IP WAN with QoS enabled to connect all...
Media Resource Support
CUCM offers software-based media resources. Start the IP Voice Media Streaming application to activate the following The following media resources are available only in hardware Audio conferencing and MTP media resources can also be offered by hardware media resources. MoH is a special case. Because of the potential WAN bandwidth utilization of MoH, the multicast streams of the server are normally scoped at the headquarters. Survivable Remote Site Telephony (SRST) can stream one media resource...
MGCP Configuration Server
When you are using the Configuration Server feature, the gateway- and interface-specific MGCP configuration commands are provided by CUCM in the form of an Extensible Markup Language (XML) configuration file that is downloaded by the Cisco IOS gateway from the CUCM TFTP server. This is the recommended approach to integrate Cisco IOS MGCP gateways with CUCM. The Cisco IOS gateway dynamically loads the necessary MGCP configuration commands from the XML file downloaded from the TFTP server. When...
Endpoint Basic Configuration Elements
There are mandatory and optional configuration details. It is advisable to never use any of the default mandatory items. Three examples of this are the call manager group, region, and location. The device pool and region do not need to be specified, but they are mandatory. The default values will not work in most environments, but they can be modified. Instead of modifying the default values, these elements can be copied, renamed, and reconfigured. Rename the elements in a way that allows the...
Network and Feature Services
A CUCM cluster can consist of up to 20 servers. Each server can fulfill different tasks, such as running a TFTP or DHCP server, being the database publisher, processing calls, providing media resources, and so on. Depending on the usage of a server, different services have to be activated on the system. There are two types of services on CUCM servers Network services Network services are automatically activated and are required for the operation of the server. Network services cannot be...
CUCM User Interface Options
CUCM 5.x and 6.x operate on an appliance model where access to the system is possible only through CUCM GUIs and the CUCM CLI. The available interfaces are shown in Figure 4-1 and described in Table 4-1. CUCM Administration and User Interface Options l lil l> CUCM User Options CISCO For Cisco Unified Communications Solutions 11111111 Cisco Unified Serviceability CISCO For Cisco Unified Communications Solutions 11111111 CUCM Administration CISCO For Cisco Unified Communications Solutions...
Clustering over the IP WAN
Cisco supports CUCM clusters over a WAN. Characteristics include the following Applications and CUCM of the same cluster distributed over the IP WAN. IP WAN carries intracluster server communication and signaling. Two to four sites for local failover (two CUCM servers per site) Up to eight sites for remote failover across the IP WAN (one CUCM server per site) The cluster design, as illustrated in Figure 2-4, is useful for customers who require more functionality than the limited feature set...
Bulk Administration Tool and Tool for Auto Registered Phone Support
CUCM BAT enables you to bulk update, add, or delete records. When using CUCM BAT to add phones, the MAC addresses of the IP phones, along with the respective DNs, have to be specified in the BAT files. NOTE The MAC address is printed in text and Universal Product Code (UPC) form, on both the shipping box of the IP phone and on the IP phone itself. This allows bar-code scanners to be used instead of manually typing MAC addresses into the BAT comma-separated value files. The CUCM Auto-Register...
Barge and Privacy
CUCM considers a DN associated to more than one device in the same partition to be a shared-line appearance. One example of a shared-line appearance is where a DN appears on line 1 of a manager telephone and also on line 2 of an assistant telephone. Another example of a shared line is a single incoming number that is set up to appear as line 2 on every help desk telephone in an office. Figure 16-21 shows a DN that is associated with two devices. Notice that the phone name in Figure 16-21...
Music on Hold
CUCM may be configured to provide MoH. The MoH feature has two main requirements An MoH server must provide the MoH audio stream sources. CUCM must be configured to use the MoH streams provided by the MoH server when a call is placed on hold. The integrated MoH feature enables users to place on-net and off-net callers on hold with music instead of the default one on hold. The MoH source makes music available to any on-net or off-net device placed on hold. On-net devices include Cisco IP Phones...
Hardening Cisco IP Phones
The IP phone is a target for attacks, just like all other components of the network. IP phone endpoints should be protected in a similar manner to servers in the environment. IP phones have default settings that make them vulnerable to attacks. There are several options available to harden IP phones and thus protect them against various attacks and infiltration methods. The product-specific configuration parameters of Cisco IP Phones are set by default to achieve the greatest functionality but...
CUCM Installation and Upgrade Overview
CUCM can be upgraded from the various previous releases of Windows Server-based CUCM or appliance-based CUCM. Cisco CallManager Releases 3x and earlier for Windows Server have to be upgraded to Release 4.1(3) or later before upgrade to 6.0(1) is possible. Appliance-based CUCM releases earlier than 5.1(1) have to be upgraded to Release 5.1(1) before upgrade to 6.0(1) is possible. Figure 3-1 displays the various upgrade path options available for CUCM 6.0(1). Figure 3-1 CUCM Upgrade Paths Windows...
Manual Configuration
Manually adding new IP phones to the network is often tedious, but it can constitute a large part of day-to-day voice network management. Provisioning a Cisco SIP Phone is just like provisioning a SCCP phone. The configuration procedure consists of these high-level steps Step 1 Add the IP phone. Step 2 Configure the phone. Step 3 Configure one or more DNs. To manually add an IP phone to CUCM, go to Device > Phone and click the Add New button. Select the phone type (in Figure 9-24, a 7960 was...
Presence Support in CUCM
CUCM Presence is natively supported by CUCM, with no extra products or servers required. It allows an interested party (watcher) to monitor the real-time status of a DN (Presence entity). A watcher subscribes to the status information of one or more Presence entities. The status information of a Presence entity can be viewed using Presence-enabled speed dials or Presence-enabled lists call lists such as placed, received, or missed calls and public directory lists. The status can be one of the...
SIP Third Party IP Phone Support in CUCM
CUCM supports RFC 3261-compliant third-party SIP phones. Support for third-party SIP phone features varies greatly from Cisco SIP IP Phone features. Third-party phones have only RFC 3261 SIP Version 2 support, whereas Cisco SIP Phones have many Cisco SCCP features that have been rewritten to work in a native SIP protocol stack. Two different types of third-party SIP phones can be added to CUCM. Third-party SIP phones may be added as basic or advanced phones. Third-party SIP basic phones support...
CUCM User Accounts
Several CUCM features require user accounts for authentication purposes. These features include an administrative web page, user web pages, and the following applications Cisco Unified Attendant Console Cisco Unified Extension Mobility Cisco Unified Manager Assistant (CUMA) Cisco IP Phones can browse corporate and personal directories to find the directory number of a user. CUCM is provisioned with a user's first and last name to provide this directory-browsing functionality. CUCM IP phone...
CUCM Endpoints
A variety of endpoints, from Cisco and third-party manufacturers, can be used with CUCM. Endpoints include IP phones, analog gateways, and video endpoints. CUCM has widespread support for the following protocols to be used for endpoints SCCP, SIP, and H.323. Figure 7-1 illustrates some of the various protocol options to connect to CUCM. Type A phones These are the following Cisco Unified IP Phones 7905, 7912, 7940, and 7960. Type B phones These are the following Cisco Unified IP Phones 7906,...
CUVA Communication Flows
CUVA leverages several communications protocols, as detailed in Table 19-1. Table 19-1 CUVA Communication Protocols Table 19-1 CUVA Communication Protocols Allows communication between the Cisco IP Phone and associated software, such as CUVA. TCP source and destination port 4224. CAST is used between CUVA and the IP phone to build an association. The PC discovers the IP phone, using Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP). CAST is also used to send signaling information for video streams from the IP...
CUCM Path Selection
Path selection is an essential dial plan element. After matching an entry in the call routing table, CUCM has to select how and where to route the call. Most CUCM calls are routed across IP trunks or gateways. CUCM allows multiple paths to be configured for a route pattern for resiliency purposes. Figure 11-11 shows a scenario in which a user has dialed a long-distance PSTN number starting with an access code of 9, 1 for the long-distance operator, 408 for the area code, followed by 526 for the...
Voice Mail Integration
CUCM can integrate with Cisco Unity via either Skinny Client Control Protocol (SCCP) or Session Initiation Protocol (SIP). Cisco Unity telephony integrations are configured with the Cisco Unity Telephony Integration Manager (UTIM). In addition to the option of adding multiple clusters by adding additional integrations for each new CUCM cluster in Cisco Unity, CUCM supports Annex M.1, Message Tunneling for Q Signaling (Q.SIG), which allows administrators to enable Q.SIG on intercluster trunks...
IP Phone Auto Registration
Auto registration allows CUCM to issue extension numbers to new IP phones, which is similar to the way in which the DHCP server issues IP addresses. With auto registration configured and enabled, when a new IP phone boots and attempts to register with CUCM for the first time, CUCM issues an extension number from a configured range. After CUCM issues the extension, it adds the phone to its configuration database with the used device ID (MAC address) and the assigned extension. If a specific...
CUCM Configuration
CUCM CUVA configuration includes the following steps Step 1 Configure regions with the maximum audio codec and video call speed to be used per video call. Step 2 Configure the maximum allowed bandwidth used by video calls within or between locations. Step 3 Configure the IP phone in CUCM to support CUVA. Step 4 Verify CUVA support on the IP phone. The CUCM region configuration specifies the audio codec type to use between regions, and the video setting specifies the bandwidth to use between...
LDAPv3 Synchronization Configuration
The LDAPv3 synchronization configuration procedure includes the following steps Step 1 Add CUCM directory user and assign administrator access rights in the LDAPv3 directory (depends on LDAPv3 directory server). Step 2 Activate the Cisco DirSync service. Step 4 Configure the LDAPv3 directory. The synchronization is performed by a feature service called Cisco DirSync. DirSync has to be activated on the publisher server. The Cisco DirSync service has some configurable service parameters that you...
CUCM Initial Configuration
After you install CUCM, some initial configuration has to be done before starting to deploy endpoints. This initial configuration includes the items in Table 5-1. Table 5-1 Publisher Server Required Services Table 5-1 Publisher Server Required Services Basic network settings have already been configured during installation, but some of them should be revisited (use of external NTP and DNS servers), and network settings that are not configurable during installation (for example, enabling DHCP...
Integrating CUCM with a Cisco Unity Voice Mail System
Seven steps are required to prepare CUCM to integrate with a Cisco Unity voice-mail system using SCCP, as follows Step 1 Configure MWI On and MWI Off. Step 2 Configure the voice-mail ports. Step 3 Configure the line group. Step 4 Configure the hunt list. Step 5 Configure the hunt pilot. Step 6 Configure the voice-mail pilot. Step 7 Configure the voice-mail profile. NOTE Steps 2 and 3 can be performed by using the Cisco Voice Mail Port wizard. The Cisco Voice Mail Port wizard allows quick...
CUCM Digit Manipulation
Digit manipulation is often used to change calling-party numbers for caller ID purposes on outgoing PSTN calls. Digit manipulation is also used to strip public switched telephone network (PSTN) access codes before extending calls to the PSTN. Other uses of digit manipulation involve expanding or modifying abbreviated dialing options. Inbound calls from the PSTN may be ten digits in length, whereas the internal dial plan is only four or five digits. These inbound calls would need to have the...
Call Routing
CUCM automatically knows how to route calls to internal destinations within the same cluster, because it is configured with the DNs of its associated devices. This can be compared to directly connected networks at a router in IP routing. Route patterns must be configured to route calls to the PSTN. This is equivalent to static routes in an IP router. The call routing table of CUCM is built on registered devices and statically entered route patterns that point to external destinations. Figure...
Device Settings
Device settings include default settings, profiles, templates, and common device configurations that can be assigned to the device or device pool. Some of the common elements in device settings are described over the next few pages. Figure 9-8 displays the options that are available from the Device Settings submenu. ,, 11,, I,. Cisco Unified CM Administration For Cisco Unified Communications Solutions System - CaD Routing Med Resources Voice Mai - > evice - I AppDcatian - User Management *...
Media Resource Access Control
All media resources are located in a null media resource group by default. Usage of media resources is load balanced between all existing devices. Hardware resources are preferred in the selection algorithm based on their enhanced capabilities (multiple audio codec support) and the reduction of load on the CUCM. Media resource management controls and manages the media resources within a cluster. The Media Resource Manager (MRM) service enhances CUCM features by making it easier for CUCM to...
CUCM Digit Prefix and Stripping
The Digit Prefix feature prepends digits to a number. Any phone keypad digits from 0 to 9, and the * and digits, can be prepended to the calling or called numbers. The Digit Prefix feature can be applied to a calling-party or a called-party number and configured under the corresponding transformation setting in the route-pattern, route-list, or translation-pattern configuration. Figure 12-6 displays the calling- and called-party prefix configuration available at the route-pattern, route-list,...
Configuration for Cisco Unity Integration
Voice-mail ports must be configured in both CUCM and Cisco Unity. The number of ports needed depends on system load and on the number of subscribers. The name of the voice-mail ports configured in CUCM must match the CallManager Device Name Prefix parameter configured on Cisco Unity. MWI On and Off codes must be configured on both CUCM and Cisco Unity. These MWI on and off codes must be identically configured. The MWI On and Off codes are extension numbers that phones should not be able to...
